On 17th July 2025, Pakistan’s Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister, Senator Ishaq Dar, arrived in Kabul to ink the Framework Agreement for the Joint Feasibility Study of the Uzbekistan-Afghanistan-Pakistan (UAP) Railway Project, a groundbreaking […]
Throughout human history, technological progress has been translated into military prowess. In most instances, the states that have been able to incorporate new technologies more quickly and effectively into their respective militaries have gained a […]
The theory of ‘Complex Interdependence’ was put forth by Robert Keohane and Joseph S. Nye in 1970s. This theory threw down the gauntlet to the fundamental assumptions of classical and structural realism which gave more […]
In his 1961 classic entitled ‘Deterrence and Defense’, Glenn H. Snyder, while terming deterrence a function of the total cost-gain expectations argued that, “the aggressor’s estimate of costs and gains is a “whole war” estimate, […]
In the last decade of the 20th century and with the start of the 21st century we have seen a revolution in the field of information and communication technology. States, non-state actors, and even individuals […]
Strategic features in maritime domain can be classified by position, strength and resources Alfred T. Mahan South China Sea has all the characteristics to be called a strategic waterway. It extends from the Strait of […]
The South Asian region might have oscillated in its importance for the powers that be, but it has never been off the radar in the academic and policy circles of major capitals. Needless to say, […]
International and regional stability is ultimately the product of broader political, economic, and military dynamics among many players, in which political, technological, strategic alliances and decisions perform multiple roles as agents of change for the […]
The collapse of the Soviet Union sealed the fate of the realist-bipolar world order and the United States – the leader of the so-called free world – ascended triumphantly. It asserted itself as a liberal […]
It is an accepted fact that deterrence is a dynamic concept, depending upon changes in policy, doctrine and technology. This reality is also recognized in the nuclear doctrines of Pakistan and India. In practical terms, […]
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