Before 1991, security mainly focused on military power and protecting states from external threats, especially during the Cold War, with an emphasis on the balance of power between the U.S. and the Soviet Union. After […]

The farmers’ protest in India has emerged as a crucial demand against the democratic decline witnessed under Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s leadership since 2014. Amidst growing illiberal tendencies and authoritarian governance by the Bharatiya Janata […]

In an era where digital landscapes are fraught with jeopardy, Pakistan requires resilient and innovative defense strategies to counter the prevailing cyber threats that endangers its national security.  Since the dawn of the computing virus […]

Sheikh Hasina Wajid, the longest serving Prime Minister of Bangladesh has conducted over a period of unprecedented economic growth which led to transforming the country into one of the fastest growing economies of South Asia. […]

The heavy nuclearization of South Asia has rendered the region a hotbed of political tension and a quagmire for international peace and stability. The two nuclear neighbours, India and Pakistan, have fought four major wars […]

On the 1st of July, Bangladesh encountered the start of one of its bloodiest protests since its independence in 1971. The protest started at Dhaka University and rapidly spread to various campuses nationwide. These protests […]

The Indus River has long been the lifeblood of civilizations in South Asia, but today, its waters are at the centre of a looming crisis that could either divide nations or unite them in a […]

Pakistan’s security challenges are becoming blustering for its citizens. Previously initiated military operations to counter terrorism-advanced sectarianism caused insecurities nationwide. Both the society and the state institutions are intolerant of each other inducing an urban […]

The first wave of Afghan refugees arrived in Pakistan after the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan in 1979, which forced over three million Afghan refugees to flee to Pakistan and the numbers gradually increased in the […]